Hugo and the “ farouche[s] architecture[s]” du hasard

This article focuses on Hugo’s musings on the fierce natural architecture (mountains, sea cliffs) produced by chance—sublime, shifting, dreamlike. What happens to the architectural paradigm when a mysterious art of nature raises “monuments extra-humains” lacking an architect and foundation, exposed to the pressure of the infinite? How does one explain the existence of such seemingly anarchic architecture in travel as well as in fiction?