Abstract: Nature is considered here from the perspective of epistemocriticism, which questions how literature uses knowledge that has developed the concept of nature. Positioning itself in the gap between the idea of a totally “cultural” nature and that of a “natural” culture, this study analyzes in particular the role of chemistry in Goethe’s work, of technoscience in the emergence of the “posthuman” in literature, and the complex interactions between knowledge of landscape, arts, and geography.