Abstract: The question of Kant in France is not only a matter of reception: it is central to the history of French philosophy from the start of the nineteenth century and reflects the conflicts that took place in France. Several schools of thought laid claim to Kantianism, which was their shared root, but none of them fully adhered to Kant’s system. These “differential” aspects make it possible to grasp the various idealist aspirations present in French philosophy at this time.