Abstract: Victor Hugo observes, draws, reads and writes the world literally, à la lettre. That is, through the letters of the alphabet which not only transcribe phonemes, but which define a new field of thought. Furthermore, he developed a real poetics of the alphabet, linking vowels to colors. Strangely enough, this text has only ever been cited, as opposed to properly analyzed, often in relation to Rimbaud’s sonnet “Voyelles”.