Abstract: The linguistic foundations of historical, philological and textual type have been the starting point for the studies about neologisms in Italy (20th-21st centuries). This approach modelled research in neology and lexicography paving the way for the analysis of neologisms during the 20th century. Neology has been the subject of scientific publications and congresses in the 21st century, setting up theoretical studies and data collections on Italian, French and specialised languages.