Abstract: Didier Foucault studies thought about nature in the work of one of the most radical natural philosophers of the sixteenth century, Jules-César Vanini ; he shows how nature is thought about by Vanini as a force rather than a form or essence. The action of this force is so universal that it erases the distinction between natural and supernatural. Yet this unity of the natural does not result in transparency, and even humans cannot understand all its secret mechanisms.