Abstract: The first accounts of a practice of neo-Latin tragedy at the College of Navarre, occurring at the same time as the beginnings of vernacular tragedy in France, shed new light on these beginnings. Showing young authors taking on new arguments drawn from the past and the contemporary history of the realm while indicating generic traits capable of ensuring the success of a play, they suggest the rhetorical and poetic pleasure that came from composing and performing new tragedies at the time.