Abstract: This article is an in-depth analysis of the short story “Angelica farfalla” by Primo Levi, developed by investigating four hints scattered in the narration. Related to biology, poetry, myth and anthropology, these hints help constructing an argument in favour of a monogenetic origin of humankind. At the same time, they bring to the fore new elements that define Levi’s anthropological background and its role in his science fiction.