Abstract: War was ubiquitous during the reign of Louis XIII. It could be private, civil, or international. At the turning point of the years 1620-1630, the great affair of his reign was the struggle against the Spanish monarch and his cousin the Emperor, an abyss of resources and pit of concern of which neither Richelieu nor Louis XIII saw the final victory. For the king and for his subjects, war was at one and the same time a solution, a way of life, and a destiny.