Abstract: Was Charles Nodier a comparatist? Despite the influence of Hugh Blair on his conception of rhetoric, Nodier promoted a “targeted” vision of translation, insisting on the purity of language and the feeling it conveys. Translation, more often than not, is confined to an ancillary role. This article shows that Nodier methodologically developed an interior comparatism in his study of the relationship between French and regional languages, the use and creativity of which he defended.