Abstract: The State of Siege reveals Camus' thought after the war. The ideology that comes to power becomes a deadly plague : it introduces an artificial order which stifles and kills the real, the human. The unbearable suffering of a people henceforth reduced to the state of machine is overcome solely by the spontaneous revolt of a man who loves , in doing so it awakens others. The artificial order collapses then in front of people determined to restore their personal and common life. A real society.